A Consumers Buying Behaviour Essay - 750 Words

A Consumers Buying Behavior A consumers buyer behavior is influenced by four major factors; cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. These factors cause consumers to develop product and brand preferences. Although many of these factors cannot be directly controlled by marketers, understanding of their impact is essential as marketing mix strategies can be developed to appeal to the preferences of the target market. When purchasing any product, a consumer goes through a decision process. This process consists of up to five stages; problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision and post purchase behavior. The length of this decision process will vary, ranging from a shorter†¦show more content†¦This explains the outside influences of others on our purchase decisions either directly or indirectly. PERSONAL factors include such variables as age and lifecycle stage, occupation, economic circumstances, lifestyle (activities, interests, opinions and demographics), personality and self concept. These may explain why our preferences often change as our `situation changes. PSCHOLOGICAL factors affecting our purchase decision include motivation (Maslows hierarchy of needs), perception, learning, beliefs and attitudes. Other people often influence a consumers purchase decision. The marketer needs to know which people are involved in the buying decision and what role each person plays, so that marketing strategies can also be aimed at these people. (Kotler et al, 1994). initiator - the person who first suggests or thinks of the idea of buying a particular product or service. influencer - a person whose views or advice caries some weight in making the final buying decision. Decider - the person who ultimately makes a buying decision or any part of it. Buyer - the person who makes the actual purchase. User - the person who consumes the product or service. Types of Buying Decisions Consumer decision making varies with the level of involvement in the purchase decision. Routine response behavior occurs when buyers purchase low cost, frequentlyShow MoreRelatedMarketing Consumer Behaviour1068 Words   |  5 Pages0 Marketing and Consumer Behaviour – Dealing with Market Trends Consumer behavior is defined as the mental and emotional process along with the physical activities of the people who purchase/ consume goods and services to satisfy their particular needs and wants. One of the advantages of consumer behavior can be seen when looking at advertisers and how they advertise by keeping the consumers in mind. Advertisers spend a lot of money to keep individuals and groups of individuals (markets)Read MoreThe Impulse Of An Impulse Purchase Decision843 Words   |  4 Pagesimpulse decision is one made using complex behavioural processes which take place within a number of seconds in a consumer’s mind. Generally, impulsivity is a personality trait with negative connotations as in most cases impulsive behaviour leads to rushed decisions without the individual realising the effect that their decision may have. It is useful to explore how impulse buying behaviour has risen and become a norm in the modern era with all but a few retailers targeting certain products at the consumerRead MoreExploring The Impact Of Celebrity Endorsement On Consumer1097 Words   |  5 PagesEXPLORING THE IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON CONSUMER PREFERENCE AND BUYING BEHAVIOUR (A CASE OF SELECTED DIRECT TO HOME (DTH) SERVICE PROVIDERS IN JODHPUR) A RESEARCH PROPOSAL (SYNOPSIS) SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF COMMERCE MANAGEMENT STUDIES, JAI NARAIN VYAS UNIVERSITY, JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN FOR THE REGISTERATION OF DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PhD) UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: SUBMITTED BY: Dr. M.L.VASITA Read MoreUnderstanding The Consumers Buying Behavior1403 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding the consumers’ buying behaviour is a complicated but essential task for all marketing managements. It is vital to understand how people make purchase decisions and what drives them to buy one specific product and no other. According to Kotler et al. (2013) â€Å"consumer buyer behaviour refers to the buying behaviour of final consumers – individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption.† It may be a costly and time-consuming task to find out what, when, whereRead MoreExplain Why It Is Important for Marketers to Understand the Consumer Decision Making Process918 Words   |  4 PagesThis model is important for anyone making marketing decisions. It ensures the marketers consider the whole buying process rather than just the purchase decision. This model implies that customers go through all stages in every purchase they make. However, in more routine purchases, such as cleaning products, customers often skip or reverse some of the stages. For example, a student buying a favourite hamburger would recognise the need which is hunger and go right to the ‘purchase decision’, skippingRead MoreBuyer Behaviour Literature Quotes888 Words   |  4 PagesConsumer behaviour, Peter M. Chisnall (1995) Published London: McGraw-Hill 1995 3rd ed. â€Å"Buying behaviour is complex and influenced by many factors, some of which may conflict with so-called rational decision-making. The interactions of groups and personal behaviour, the interrelationships between attitudes and behaviour, the challenge of authority and status, and the profound, and sometimes subtle, effects of culture on consumption make up, in part, the intricate web of influences which surroundsRead MoreThe Marketing Implications of the Buyer Decision Process of Nestlà © Cookie Crisp1413 Words   |  6 Pagesthe buyer decision process. This report looked at the aspects of each stage in the process, and considered the implications of each issue on the marketing of Cookie Crisp. Since the process is guided in some stages by unexpected factors and the behaviour of other consumers it was found that marketing research must be done and the findings used to influence each stage of the process. Also a regular measure of customer satisfaction must be done to constructi vely determine the success of Cookie CrispRead MoreThe Effects Of Emotional Appeals On A Consumer s Behavior1651 Words   |  7 Pageschange behaviour in the audience as they serve as a stimulus examples of these are road safety campaigns, cancer screenings and HIV/AIDS awareness. Shock which is aroused in an unexpected exposure to real-life images is very efficient and can result in strong emotional appeals that have a huge impact on a consumer’s behaviour and reaction (Banyte, Paskeviciute, and Rutelione, 2014). They also can be memorable but it should be noted that memorability does not bring about a change in behaviour or bringRead MoreConsumer Decision Making Process And The Beverage Brand Products1421 Words   |  6 PagesConsumers buying decision making play an important role for the success of every company or organisation. Without the investigation into consumers and their buying behaviour companies and organisation and marketer cannot achieved their aims and objective of their goals in the sale of their product. The purpose of this investigation is to explore the relationship between the consumers buying decision making process and the beverage brand products. (Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola) The data for the researchRead MoreA Report Of Buyer Behavior : The Consumer Decision Making Process882 Words   |  4 PagesA Report of Buyer Behaviour: The Consumer Decision-Making Process as it relates to purchasing a rental service in the classic car industry. Section 1: Introduction (about 150 – 200 words) The study of consumer behaviour examines consumer’s methods of purchasing and divestment of possessions, labour, concepts or knowledge by people, associations and companies to fulfil their necessities and desires (Keller Kotler , 2011). This is significant to marketers because with a good knowledge base about

The Country Of The United States - 1268 Words

A country inhabited by over six million people off of the coast of Central America. A ravishing land full of beaches and wildlife, but also a place ravaged by corruption and gang populations that feel that they are leaders of the urban areas. This country has been torn by the result of war games played among its own brothers. The beautiful nation of El Salvador that has been the place of birth for my parents, grandparents and ancestors. San Salvador is the nation’s capital and possibly most prominent area of my land. The smallest of all Central American countries yet the most densely populated. Our flag wave’s two streaks of blue and one of white topped by a symbol representing the coat of arms in the center. Salvadorian people also being†¦show more content†¦It was by many dire battles and the multitudinous amount of troops available to Spain alongside financial and advanced weapon aid that the Spaniards were eventually able to conquer this territory. San Salv ador is one of the first cities established by the Spaniards, they moved rapidly to colonize and change the language of those under their rule. From many different tribal tongues to the Spanish that is now part of home life for the majority of all Central American countries. The freedom of El Salvador and all of Central America from Spanish rule came on September 15, 1821. El Salvador also led Central America in the movement to liberate itself from Mexican-Spanish rule by evading taxation and resisting development efforts that would destroy the way of life and cultures of those native Salvadorians, all concluding in an uprising by the Salvadoran people well until the collapse of the Mexican empire. A big part of Salvadoran life is the beliefs placed upon by our elders. The countries most followed religion is that of the Roman Catholic Church, with a following of around fifty-six percent of all Salvadorans; however twenty-one percent of people identify as Protestants. This leaves three percent of the population converting to other religions. Religion is so heavily followed by the

The Tragedy Of Oedipus Oedipus Rex - 928 Words

It is the tragic combination between Oedipus’ irrevocable circumstances as well as his flawed character that makes Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus Rex† a quintessential example of Greek drama. His circumstances, which are set by the Gods, are profound and beyond anyone’s control; either he must be killed or there will be great consequences. His parent’s rejection of the oracle set by the gods, the degrees of separation from his origin, and his flawed sense of pride is the complexity of the plot as well as what makes Oedipus the complex main character. There is an apparent clash between his sense of pride, known as hubris, and the pre- established circumstances that brings Oedipus’ to his tragic decline, known as catharsis. In the case of â€Å"Oedipus Rex†, his decline to tragedy began at birth. Apparently, the gods already knew that Oedipus is flawed by his sense of pride. This is one example of the relationship between man and God in ancient Greek culture, gods were all knowing and have great influence on humans. It is indicated in the play that Oedipus’ parents made the first mistake by not following through with the oracle. It is indicated in a dialogue between Oedipus and the Shepherd: Shepherd: It was said that the boy would kill his own father Oedipus: Then why did you give him over to this old man? Shepherd: I pitied the baby my king/ And I thought that this manShow MoreRelatedOedipus Rex as Aristotalian Tragedy1506 Words   |  7 PagesSophocles modeled his play Oedipus Rex on Aristotles definition and analysis of tragedy.Since according to Aristotles definition, A tragedy is an imitation of action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished artistic ornaments, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not narrative with incidents that evokes pity and fear of a persons emotions. Also Aristotle identified the basic six parts a tragedy as being plot, characterRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of Oedipus Rex1161 Words   |  5 Pages Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex exemplifies the psychological conflicts that arise as an individual undergoes a drastic realization of character, ultimately leading him on a search to recover his true identity, and along the way bringing to light the darkest demons of his past. The play unfolds through a calamitous tone, which foreshadows the impending downfall of the ruler of Thebes, Oedipus, and the consequences that this downfall will bring to him and all of those around him. The calamitousRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Oedipus Rex And Shakespeare s Othello And Oedipus 2344 Words   |  10 PagesThe definition of a tragedy is a narrative poem or story that describes the downfall of a good man. Both Othello and King Oedipus Rex Fall into this class of literature, even though they were written by two totally different authors and in two utterly different time periods. These two works share several comparisons to every different, while having an honest quantity of variations similarly. Pride is characterized as one of the seven deadliest sins. Most pleased individuals will never see themselvesRead MoreTragedy In Oedipus Rex And Antigone By Euripides784 Words   |  4 Pagesfamously known Greek tragedies; Oedipus Rex and Antigone by Sophocles and Medea by Euripides that not only have the common genre of tragedy, but share the same motifs; homicide, suicide, and suffering. What is intriguing about these commonalities is that these playwrights, Sophocles and Euripides, use them. Homicide is an act when a human permanently harms another leading in death and these plays like to use it quite a bit. In Oedipus Rex, by Sophocles, the main character Oedipus (king of Thebes) realizesRead MoreEssay on The Heart of Tragedy Based on Oedipus Rex600 Words   |  3 Pagesto describe what makes a great tragic play. Using the Oedipus Rex by Sophocles as the basis for his book, Aristotle goes into great detail about plot, character, and much more, breaking up the components of a tragedy. Since Oedipus Rex had a huge part in the creation of Aristotle’s book, it fulfills many of the Greek philosopher’s requirements for a tragic play. According to Aristotle, plot is one of the most important components of a tragedy. It must have a clear beginning, middle, and a cascadeRead MoreIs Oedipus Rex a Story of Tragedy or Fate? Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pages Oedipus Rex a play by Sophocles can be looked at in two ways as or as not a tragedy of fate. Author Lionel Trilling states that much ingenuity has been used to show that it is not a tragedy of fate and those critics use Poetics by Aristotle to back their claim, â€Å"the protagonist of a tragedy should be a man worthy of respect and admiration but have some discernible weakness or fault of character to which his tragic disaster may be attributed. In some important sense, that is, he is to be thoughtRead MoreDramatic Tragedies: Oedipus Rex and Hamlet Essay714 Words   |  3 Pagescreated plays similar in nature such as; â€Å"Oedipus Rex† and â€Å"Hamlet†. Both plays were consistent of dramatic tragedy. Sophocles wrote about the typical Greek tragedy that consisted of an ill-fated doom for Oedipus. Shakespeare wrote about Kingdom of Denmark where all things fell apart and death was imminent. Each story consisted of a queen that was important to the outcome of each play. Gertrude was the queen in â€Å"Hamlet†, and Jocasta was the queen in â€Å"Oedipus Rex†. Gertrude and Jocasta were both widowsRead MoreOedipus Rex As Tragedy : The Philosopher Must Be Crazy845 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus Rex as Tragedy: The Philosopher Must Be Crazy Throughout the ages many scholars have agreed with Aristotle s assessment of Oedipus Rex (the Athenian tragedy written by Sophocles) as the truest form of tragedy; however, modern viewers might remark that it is unworthy of such praise and instead should be exemplified as the proof that an addition to Aristotle s ideal of tragedy itself is required: the element of timelessness. Throughout history, many have believed that man s ability to produceRead MoreOedipus Rex Is A Greek Tragedy Written By Sophocles1177 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus Rex is a Greek tragedy written by Sophocles. Sophocles, through writing this work along with Antigone and Oedipus at Colonus, became a legendary tragedian, and went off to produce several other works. This classic tragedy held great influence over Aristotle’s six components in his work, the Poetics, more specifically, over the component of plot and character. The birth of Oedipus Rex since spurred countless famous interpretations, including on es by the father of psychoanalysis himself, SigmundRead More Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex Fulfills All of the Requirements of a Tragedy1088 Words   |  5 PagesSophocles’ Oedipus Rex Fulfills All of the Requirements of a Tragedy Throughout Poetics, Aristotle describes what traits a tragedy must have to be successful. To support these choices, he makes use of a small analysis of many tragedies, including many of Sophocles’ plays; Oedipus Rex is one of the plays mentioned in Aristotle’s Poetics. Some of these traits include a successful plot structure, recognition scenes, and a correct choice for its hero. In Oedipus Rex, Sophocles fulfills all of

Philosophy And Philosophy Of Religion Essay - 1681 Words

Philosophy of religion is basically the philosophy with questions regarding the religion, the nature and the existence of god and also the religious vocabulary and texts followed by the people. The religious philosophy and philosophy of religion are very different from each other, in philosophy of religion we discuss the questions regarding the nature of religion as a whole rather than seeking the problems brought by a particular religious system. In philosophy of religion we discuss the question like IS THERE A GOD?. but this is not the only question we focus on, we also look at the aspect that if there is, then what is he like, and what does that mean to us? These are some basic question everyone ask themselves at some point of their lives. There are three basic things concerning the deities, i.e. the existence of God, the nature of God, and the knowledge of God. Theological aspect of this is that it includes the rational study of God rather than the timeless arguments done on the evidence for the existence of God. It is based on the reasoning concerning the deity about the facts on existence of God. Theology is the attempt to find an answer to the higher order question in philosophy of religion on which the endless arguments are done to find the evidences. It is is like a part of metaphysics. EXISTENCE OF GOD There have been discussions regarding the existence of God since ages be it PLato or Aristotle or Immanuel Kant or David Hume. All of their philosophicalShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy of Religion935 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cosmological argument argues for the existence of God a posteriori based on the apparent order in the universe. For Aristotle, the existence of the universe needs an explanation, a cause, as it could not have come from nothing. Nothing comes from nothing so since there is something, there must have been some other thing that is its cause. Aristotle rules out an infinite progression of causes, so, that led to the conclusion that there must be a First Cause.  Likewise with motion, there must haveRead MoreIs Buddhism A Philosophy Or A Religion?932 Words   |  4 Pages Is Buddhism a Philosophy Or a Religion? Joe Gilmore Mr. Porter 4-17-16 Buddhist teachings consist of teaching others how to end suffering in their own lives. Buddha teaches that if you follow an eightfold path, then you are moving toward reaching nirvana. This is the end of all suffering and the goal of all Buddhists. Though Buddhism is commonly labeled as a religion, it fits the definition of a philosophy rather than a religion. Buddhism’s founder was a man named SiddharthaRead MoreReligion vs. Philosophy1222 Words   |  5 PagesReligion Term Paper Philosophy and Religion An Idea is more powerful than an army (pg 14, Munroe). When first looking at the relationship between philosophy and religion, I found it easier to explain the differences rather than the similarities. I began this paper the same way I do others. This generally involves a profound amount of research on the topic at hand. However, in contrast to the other papers I have done, the definitions of philosophy and religion only raised more questions forRead MoreConfucianism : Religion Or Philosophy? Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesConfucianism: Religion or Philosophy? Most ancient philosophical ideas developed in the ancient Chinese empires are believed to have their roots from Confucius. Confucianism was a simple way of life propagated by Confucius around the fifth and sixth century BC. Often perceived as a religion and other times as philosophy, it is conceivably best unspoken as a comprehensive humanism that neither slights nor denies heaven. The Chinese populaces have devotedly observed Confucianism for nearly two millenniaRead More Philosophy and Religion Essay791 Words   |  4 Pages The many religions of the world exhibit a large amount of different beliefs and philosophies. Some believe in many gods, some believe in just one god and yet there are those that believe in no god. One of the things that I agree with is that you can not love anything else unless you first learn to love and respect yourself. I also think that after one?s physical body is deceased, you become reincarnated. And lastly, I don?t recognize one god or overall being, but rather follow the example made byRead MoreEssay on Great Religions And Philosophies. : Greek Philosophy.904 Words   |  4 Pages Great Religions and Philosophies. : Greek Philosophy. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the 6th century B.C, there began a dualism in Greek Philosophy. The development of Greek Philosophy became a compromise between Greek monistic and oriental influences, in other words, a combination of intellectualism and mysticism. Thus began the pre-Socratic philosophy. The interests of pre- Socratic philosophers were centered on the world that surrounds man, the Cosmos. This was during the time of great internalRead MoreTaoism As A Philosophy Or Religion?1917 Words   |  8 PagesWhen the topic of religion or philosophy comes to mind, Taoism is often unheard of and is shrouded with mystery. While this is true, its rich history and ideologies are both profound and intriguing. Taoism is one of the oldest and most ancient philosophies known to mankind. There are many theories as to just how old the customs are. Taoism is also referred to as Daoism which is a more precise way of articulating the word in English to match the pronunciation of the Chinese word. Taoism is often entitledRead MoreBuddhism : The Philosophy And Religion1426 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism originated 2,500 years ago in India and today – is the prevailing world religion in the East. There are more than 360 million followers of Buddhism, including one million American followers. Buddhism has branched into a diverse selection of forms throughout its long history, however, al l methods of Buddhism share an admiration for the teachings of Buddha with the ultimate focus on ending suffering (Religionfacts.com, 2015). In the 6th century BC, Siddhartha or Gautama Buddha was born inRead MoreBuddhism Is A Religion And Philosophy Essay2054 Words   |  9 PagesBuddhism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. It is the oldest and fourth largest religion in the world with around 500 million followers. Buddhism focuses on teaching people how to come to terms with and end the suffering of themselves and others by cutting out greed, hatred, and ignorance from their lives. Unlike most major world religions, Buddhism does not revolve around worshiping a god or divine creator, instead the focus of Buddhism is living one s bestRead MoreThe Philosophy Of The Religion Of Buddhism2001 Words   |  9 PagesReligion essay In many religions they are similar principles and philosophy that we live by. The philosophy of the religion of Buddhism, is to live is to suffer. Often people ask what is the meaning of life? and different religions find a way to interpret the answer to this question in their own way. For example, the Christianity religion often answers this questions by saying that we are here on earth to help those in need and to do Gods will. Others questions may be how can I live my life

Verbal Communication free essay sample

Many barriers to effective communication exist to mention a few; language, distraction, and false assumptions, but one needs to master these arises to become a good communicator. Communication on knows that It benefits both the sender and receiver. Communication whether it be verbal or nonverbal is essential in any law enforcement agency. Every police department has the same mission, to apprehend all law violators. All law enforcement officer need to master several writing skills because report writing is one of the major forms of communication in all law enforcement agencies. Also. Oral communication Is another major form of communication. Verbal communication involves speech and words, when one uses this type of communication one can express ones views. On the other hand nonverbal communication involves signals and gestures (Origin ; Feldman, 2005). Nonverbal communication does not involve words and speech but involves body language, touch, and gestures The following are explanations of how verbal and nonverbal communication affects communication in the following areas: Police situations (public announcement to the press), Courtroom setting (testifying), Corrections facility (employees, peers. Verbal communication is essential in conveying and nderstanding ideas. houghts and concepts. However, communication can get a bit complicated if care isnt taken to limit distractions that will hinder the exchange of dialogue. Communication Is categorized into two groups. Verbal involves the use of words to communicate a message. Non-verbal involves body language to convey an idea or thought. to get your point across to the largest audience Is through language free of Jargon concentration. Verbal communication can break down If the speaker sees that the listener is not paying attention. Verbal communication is essential in conveying and understanding ideas, thoughts limit distractions that will hinder the exchange of dialogue. Communication is message. Non-verbal Involves body language to convey an Idea or thought. and unnecessary verbiage. Effective dialogue Is an exchange of Ideas In which listening is Just as important as talking. A good listener is someone who not only hears what the speaker Is saying. but psychologically participates In silence by 1 OF2 attempting to aecoae ana unaerstana tne messages wnlle also Tormulatlng

To Build A Fire Significance of Words Dying and Death Essay Example For Students

To Build A Fire: Significance of Words Dying and Death Essay To Build A Fire: Significance of Words Dying and Death To Build A Fire: Significance of Words Dying and Death The significance of the words dying and death in Jack Londons 1910 novel, To Build a Fire continuously expresses the mans dwindling warmth and bad luck in his journey along the Yukon trail to meet the boys at camp. London associates dying with the mans diminishing ability to stay warm in the frigid Alaskan climate. The main characters predicament slowly worsens one level at a time finally resulting in death. The narrator informs the reader the man lacks personal experience travelling in the Yukon terrain. The old-timer warned the man about the harsh realities of the Klondike. The confident main character thinks of the old-timer at Sulphur Creek as womanish. Along the trail, the man falls into a hidden spring and attempts to build a fire to dry his socks and warm himself. With his wet feet quickly growing numb, he realizes he has only one chance to successfully build a fire or face the harsh realities of the Yukon at one-hundred nine degrees below freezing. Falling snow from a tree blots out the fire and the character realizes he had just heard his own sentence of death. Jack London introduces death to the reader in this scene. The man realizes a second fire must be built without fail. The mans mind begins to run wild with thoughts of insecurity and death when the second fire fails. He recollects the story of a man who kills a steer to stay warm and envisions himself killing his dog and crawling into the carcass to warm up so he can build a fire to save himself. London writes, a certain fear of death, dull and oppressive, came to him. As the man slowly freezes, he realizes he is in serious trouble and can no longer make excuses for himself. Acknowledging he would never get to the camp and would soon be stiff and dead, he tries to clear this morbid thought from his mind by running down the trail in a last ditch effort to pump blood through his extremities. The climax of the story describes the man picturing his body completely frozen on the trail. He falls into the snow thinking, he is bound to freeze anyway and freezing was not as bad as people thought. There were a lot worse ways to die. The man drowsed off into the most comfortable and satisfying sleep he had ever known. The dog looked on creeping closer, filling his nostrils with the scent of death. Londons portrayal of the man does not initially give the reader the theme of dying, but slowly develops the theme as the story develops. The story doesnt mention death until the last several pages. The main character changes from an enthusiastic pioneer to a sad and desperate man. The conclusion of the story portrays the man accepting his fate and understands the old-timer at Sulphur Creek had been right; no man must travel alone in the Klondike after fifty below. Typically, short stories written in the early 1900s often conclude the story with a death or tragedy. Londons story is no exception. This story follows the pattern by illustrating events leading up to and including death. Thesis Statement- The significance of the words dying and death in Jack Londons 1910 novel, To Build a Fire continuously expresses the mans dwindling warmth and bad luck in his journey along the Yukon trail to meet the boys at camp. .